Summary
Frederic Gros: Refuse Obedience
"Cynical provocation attacks social conventions much more directly and fiercely. It refuses obedience by public and concrete action. Here I take the word "cynicism" in the ancient sense.* From Diogenes - a sage who lived in a barrel, a lever, whose possessions consisted of a tunic, a bag and a staff, who masturbated in the city square, attacked Alexander, the king of kings, calling him a bastard, carried a lighted candle in broad daylight to "look for a man" - cynicism is the art of provocation that takes customs, conventions, general conformity as its favorite targets. The cynic does not use grand speeches to explain what he thinks about tradition, in a rational sense, which is unfounded, absurd, ridiculous hypocritically continuing to follow them. He rejects every comfort, material or moral, he spends his life scolding social stupidity, and by leading a dog's life he exposes hypocrisy and mocks every hierarchy. He wants to lead a life maximally stripped of everything that suffocates, of everything that darkens the social-cultural horizon.
* Here I refer to the lessons given by Foucault in 1984, The Courage of Truth."
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