Summary
Ernst Cassirer: Descartes
Basic problems of Cartesianism
Descartes and his century
With the book Descartes (Teaching - Person - Influence), the late Cassirer repays the debt to Descartes, whose philosophy, as a precursor to transcendentalism, served as a motive for his own thinking from the earliest beginnings. In the great thinkers, the biographical and the ideal, the subjective and the objective are strongly combined, so that, according to Cassirer, 'the essential task of any depiction of the life of a great thinker is to convey how individuality merges more and more firmly with her work and is seemingly completely lost in it, and how nevertheless her basic spiritual features remain preserved in the work and only through it reach clarity and visibility'.
Finding herself in emigration before with Nazism, which would become lifelong, Cassirer paid special attention to reflecting on the conditioning of philosophical projects by general social conditions, and for him, in those circumstances, much that was previously considered self-evident became problematic for him. In this loss of foothold, one can look for the roots of his new vision of Descartes' philosophy of vision, which no longer pretends to judge, but is content with understanding. The biographical parallel of the Swedish exile should not be forgotten either: both Descartes and Cassirer found their second refuge in the 'land of bears, among rock and ice'. And it is no coincidence that Cassirer published 'his Decartes' precisely in Stockholm (1939), where Descartes died (1650). Debt to Descartes! And at the same time - testimony about the transformation of one's own self-understanding as a philosopher.
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