Summary
Hubert Dreyfus, Paul Rabinow: Michel Foucault - behind structuralism and hermeneutics
With an afterword by Michel Foucault and an interview with him
This book was born from a disagreement between friends. Paul Rabinow, participating in a seminar held in 1979 by Hubert Dreyfus and John Serl, which was, among other things, about Michel Foucault, objected to the characterization of Foucault as a typical "structuralist". That opposition sparked a debate that led to a proposal for a joint article. As the discussion continued over the summer, it became clear that the "article" would be a short book. It is now a medium length book and should have been longer. That book was originally supposed to be called Michel Foucault: From Structuralism to Hermeneutics. We thought that Foucault was something of a structuralist in Words and Things and The Archeology of Knowledge, but he moved towards an interpretive position in his later works on prisons and sexuality. A group of literary experts and philosophers to whom we mentioned our ideas convinced us in a convincing way and without arguments that Foucault was never a structuralist and that he hated interpretation. The second title of the book was Michel Foucault: Behind Structuralism and Hermeneutics. At that stage we considered that, although Foucault was not strictly speaking a structuralist, he thought that structuralism was the most advanced position in the humanities. He did not, however, deal with the humanities; he analyzed the discourse as an autonomous domain from the outside. That time we were on the right track. Foucault told us that the real subtitle of the work Words and Things was The Archeology of Structuralism. Now our story was: although his language and approach were strongly influenced by the fashion of structuralism in France, Foucault never posited a universal theory of discourse, but rather sought to describe the historical forms taken by discursive practices.
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