Summary
David Hume: Natural History of Religion
David Hume's Natural History of Religion, published in 1757, examines the origin and development of religion from the point of view of psychology and history, not theology. Hume believes that religion arose from human passions, fears and ignorance of natural causes, above all fear of the unknown and the desire for the favor of invisible forces. He explains that people are prone to the idea of an anthropomorphic being, that is, to attributing human characteristics to natural and divine forces, which led to the creation of many gods. The experiment explores the evolution from polytheism to monotheism, but noting that this often turns into fanaticism and superstition. Hume also criticizes the moral consequences of historical religions, noting that they often led to immorality and conflict. The conclusion of the work is that the entire phenomenon of religion is "a riddle, an enigma, an inexplicable mystery." Although not openly atheistic, this work represented a radical critique of religious belief in the Enlightenment. Together with the Dialogue on Natural Religion, the Natural History of Religion represents Hume's key contribution to the philosophy of religion.
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