Summary
Jean-Francois Lyotard: Schism
Unlike a dispute, a schism would be such a case of discussion between two parties that could not be justly resolved, because there is no rule of reasoning applicable to both arguments. The fact that one argumentation is legitimate does not mean that the other is not. If, however, we were to apply the same rule of reasoning to both, to resolve their schism as if it were a dispute, one of them would suffer an injustice. Harm arises from disobeying the rules of a particular type of speech and can be remedied if those rules are followed. Injustice arises from the fact that the rules of a particular type of speech by which reasoning is conducted are not the rules of the type, or types, of speech being discussed.
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