Summary
Stuart Hall: Media and Power
For a long time it was considered that the media is omnipotent and that the communication process from the sender to the receiver is simple and linear: the sender creates (encodes) a message, fixes the meaning and sends it to the receiver who receives (decodes) the message in a static and unchanging way. For Stuart Hall, however, the process of media communication is not nearly so simple. The meaning of the message cannot be fixed and determined, the recipients are not passive recipients and the message is not transparent. There are three types of reading (decoding), including an oppositional reading in relation to the desired one (a positive image, for example, about a political party, company, social group, etc., can also be decoded negatively). The message, or language in a certain sign system, not only reflects, but also constructs and distorts meaning.
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