Summary
Alexander Solzhenitsyn: The Gulag Archipelago I-III
The Gulag Archipelago (Russian: Архипелаг GULAG) is a book by the Russian writer Alexander Solzhenitsyn.
The book explores forced labor camps for dissidents who were prosecuted under the Soviet regime in the years after World War II. Most of the dissidents were innocent and were punished only because of a different political opinion.
Solzhenitsyn wrote the book based on his own experience, because he was personally imprisoned for 8 years between 1958 and 1968. The book was originally published illegally as a samizdat in the Soviet Union, and in the West in 1973 in Paris. In Russia, the book was not officially published until 1989.
It is a documentary, but also a deeply personal accusation of the Soviet system of concentration camps, a huge three-volume work based on the interweaving of personal experiences and a lot of letters, notes and other documents that the writer received from former companions, which were collected and processed in extremely conspiratorial circumstances. This devastating indictment of the Soviet system for the downfall and death of millions of people crushed even the last communist apologists in the West.
The title of the book refers to a series of isolated "islands" of camps throughout the Soviet Union. Gulag is a Russian acronym for "Main Administration of the Camp" (Russian: "Glavnoe upravlenie lagerej").
The book is considered one of the most influential books of the 20th century. In the West, it was believed that Stalin was primarily responsible for forced labor in the camps, and not indirectly the Soviet regime. In his book, however, Solzhenitsyn explains that the problem of the camps dates back to Lenin and the beginning of the socialist state.
The Gulag Archipelago is still widely considered to belong to the top of the world of literature, so in 1999 it was included in the list of the 100 best books of the century in the "Le Monda" selection.
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